Set up your strategy to defeat the dinosaurs. Day D Tower Rush is a tower defense game where you must build towers to attack the dinosaur! Meet a combination between the power of technology and ancient creatures in this game. it's time to get ready for the fall tractor sale here at crazy D's equipment let's go over a few tractors that are on the lot and the prices …Top 8 Top Tracks / View All Crazy D's Swagga Untitled produced by Digital Mystikz 5:05 CRAZY D PRODUCTIONS 3:42 MORE PRODUCTIONS CRADY D 5:06 There are no posts.A number of women were in the “Crazy Bitch” video, but the most notable was an underage girl who later sued the band and was identified in court documents only as “Jane Doe.” Her name was suppressed, as she was 16 years old at the time of f.Top 8 Top Tracks / View All Crazy D's Swagga Untitled produced by Digital Mystikz 5:05 CRAZY D PRODUCTIONS 3:42 MORE PRODUCTIONS CRADY D 5:06 There are no posts. venta de coches usados en naples florida por el dueno 13K views 1 year ago. Why trust us? Mom Writer's Literary Magazine Blog. Her effort is a clear demonstration of the challenge that Speaker Kevin McCarthy faces in controlling …Looking for a few good blogs to bookmark? Here's a mishmosh of the helpful, fun and just plain crazy: We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. But they're under no obligation to act on the resolution from Rep. Hard-right House Republicans pressing to impeach President Joe Biden forced a vote Thursday that sends an impeachment measure to House committees. How much money does Crazy D Equipment make from YouTube?Tower Defense. The net worth of Crazy D Equipment's channel through $25,402 Videos on the channel are categorized into Lifestyle, Vehicle, Knowledge. It started 4 years ago and has 280 uploaded videos. But …Crazy D Equipment is an American YouTube channel with over 20.30K subscribers. L'influenceuse française Crazy Sally, suivie par près d'un million de personnes sur Instagram, est formelle: elle a été "agressée" par une hôtesse de la compagnie Air France dans un vol entre.community labor partnership movers L'influenceuse française Crazy Sally, suivie par près d'un million de personnes sur Instagram, est formelle: elle a été "agressée" par une hôtesse de la compagnie Air France dans un vol entre.1 day ago The Ziolkowski family and the Crazy Horse Memorial Foundation cite financing, weather and engineering challenges as reasons that a date cannot be set. 280 Dislike Crazy D Equipment 22.6K subscribers The Crazy Horse Memorial has no expected completion date.Crazy D Equipment 22.4K subscribers Join Subscribe 834 46K views 1 year ago let's go for a walk down the line of tractors so many for sale maybe there's something on the lot today that will work.CRAZY D’S BBQ AND SOUTHERN GRILL - 15 Photos - 7507 Tazewell Pike, Corryton, Tennessee - Southern - Restaurant Reviews - Phone Number - Yelp Crazy D's BBQ and Southern Grill 7 reviews Claimed Southern, Barbeque, Sandwiches See all 15 photos Restaurants Southern Crazy D's BBQ and Southern Grill Write a review Add photo Location & Hours “Call us what you want, but the result will be the same.” – he finished calmly and drew his sword. Our cause.” – he said as he motioned his left hand at those behind him. I share behind the sc kanaly elektroinstalacyjne c 74_26 About See all 11384 Hwy 222 Malvern, AR 72104 Petting Zoo, Birthday Party Venue, Exotic Animals, Pumpkin Patch Malvern, AR Book one of our pavilions for your next Birthday party, family reunion, or wedding in Malvern, AR! 1,225 people like this 1,308 people follow this 27 people checked in here (501) 304-7330 Dungeons and Dragons Character Name Generator. This page is partnered with my YouTube channel. 4 contributors total, last edit on View official tab We have an official Crazy tab. Crazy Chords by Patsy Cline 577,982 views, added to favorites 4,845 times Author Unregistered.
0 Comments
You might experience errors, glitches, crashes, or compatibility issues with CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019. This can affect the performance, stability, compatibility, or functionality of CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019. You might lose access to updates, patches, bug fixes, technical support, or customer service from Corel Corporation. This can result in legal actions, fines, or penalties against you. You might violate the intellectual property rights of Corel Corporation, the developer of CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019. You might infect your computer with malware, viruses, spyware, ransomware, or other harmful programs that can damage your system, steal your data, or compromise your security. Here are some of the possible consequences of using a keygen and crack (WIN MAC) for CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019: While using a keygen and crack (WIN MAC) for CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019 might seem like an easy and convenient way to get the software for free, it also comes with some serious risks. The Risks of Using CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019 Keygen and Crack (WIN MAC) Launch the software and enjoy using it for free. Run the crack program and copy the cracked files to the installation folder of CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019. When prompted, enter the serial number or the license key that you generated with the keygen program.Īfter the installation is complete, do not launch the software yet. Run the setup program and install CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019 on your computer. Run the keygen program and generate a serial number or a license key for CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019. Once you have downloaded the software, you need to follow these steps: You also need to disable your antivirus and firewall software, as they might interfere with the keygen and crack (WIN MAC) for CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019. How to Use CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019 Keygen and Crack (WIN MAC)īefore you use a keygen and crack (WIN MAC) for CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019, you need to download the software from the official website or from a trusted source. By using a keygen and crack (WIN MAC) for CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019, you can theoretically activate the software for free and use it without any limitations. A crack is a program that modifies or bypasses the security features of a software. If you don't want to spend that much money on a software, you might be tempted to look for a keygen and crack (WIN MAC) for CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019.Ī keygen is a program that generates a serial number or a license key for a software. It costs $499 for the full version and $199 for the upgrade. However, CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019 is not a cheap software. This software offers a comprehensive set of tools and features to create stunning graphics, logos, illustrations, layouts, web and print projects, and more. If you are looking for a powerful and versatile graphic design software, you might want to consider CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019. CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019 Keygen And Crack (WIN MAC)ĬorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2019 Keygen and Crack (WIN MAC) Follow the instructions below to integrate ChatGPT into your Discord server. Integrating ChatGPT into Discord will now be a piece of cake. And then add the ChatGPT bot to your Discord server. If you are not the owner of any server, then create one. Select the Discord server to which you want to add the ChatGPT bot. A unique URL will be generated for the selected permissions. Give the necessary permissions to the bot. It will be used later on to add ChatGPT to Discord.Ĭlick “OAuth2” on the left panel and select “URL Generator”. Or simply click the “Copy” button to copy it. Name your bot and then click the “View Token” button to uncover your Discord bot token. Give the application a name, check the terms of service, then click “Create”.Ĭlick “Bot” on the left panel. So unless you have some free credits, you need to upgrade to a paid plan by setting up a payment method. Keep the key safe and confidential the key will not be displayed again. If you don’t have the secret key saved or don’t have it yet, you can create a new one by clicking the “+ Create new secret key” button. The API key can be found in the Use Settings. If you are using Linux, you can install directly using this command: sudo apt install python3Īfter you’ve installed it, check the version by running the following command python3 -version Getting OpenAI API keyĪn OpenAI API key is not in fact a prerequisite, but using it to authenticate will ensure that the ChatGPT Discord bot works flawlessly. If you don’t have Python installed on your computer, download the latest version from here and install it. Prerequisites to integrate ChatGPT with Discordīefore you can create a Chatgpt Discord bot, and integrate ChatGPT with Discord, you’ll need the following. Before you integrate ChatGPT with Discord and add a ChatGPT bot in Discord, there are a few things you’ll need. And not just that, there are different personas pre-built into it so that you can easily get the most rogue and unfiltered version of ChatGPT, should you want it.īut, we’re getting ahead of ourselves. You can even generate AI images with the ChatGPT Discord bot. No need to switch between apps or tabs you can have it all within Discord. The bot will respond to you command and return with answers.Īfter you’ve integrated ChatGPT into Discord, you can use ChatGPT in Discord. The way to integrate ChatGPT into Discord is to create a ChatGPT Discord bot and add it to your server. But in a few moments, you’ll be able to integrate ChatGPT with Discord and add ChatGPT to Discord and have it in your Discord, too. Or if you a more of a Telegram person, then you can integrate ChatGPT with Telegram by turning it into a bot.īut apparently, ChatGPT is not in your Discord-at least not yet. It can be integrated into WhatsApp and let it reply to messages on your behalf or you can chat with it from WhatsApp and even generate images. Check out these top-selling projectors at deep discounts below to take advantage of major savings. Check Price Portable Convenience This sleek and pocket-friendly model from Kodak is a great buy from a trusted company. These discounts are only valid for July 11 and 12, so if you want an outdoor or indoor theater upgrade, don't hesitate to jump on these deals. Best budget: Kodak Luma 150 How we chose the best mini projectors When selecting the best mini projectors to include in our recommendations, we relied on our own experience with home. You can save up to an additional $50 off per device using model-specific coupon codes at checkout, each of which is listed below. Yaber is also taking 36 percent off the newest addition to its projector family, the K2s, a 4K-compatible Dolby Audio smart device that can project up to 200 inches, connects directly with Amazon's Alexa voice control, and has an NFC-enabled tap-to-play feature that instantly streams video from smartphones. Right now, the brand is offering up to 50 percent off some of its bestselling products, including the 1080p Bluetooth-enabled K1 and the pocket-sized, outdoor-ready U5. For Amazon Prime members, these next two days can save you a ton of money on televisions, Apple products, and even mattresses.įrequent movie watchers curious about ditching the traditional television setup should grab a Yaber projector for cheap this Amazon Prime Day. Amazon's annual Prime Day sales event kicks off today, July 11, 2023, and lasts through tomorrow, July 12, 2023, and several big-ticket items are on deep discount to celebrate the retailer's shopping holiday. If you've been considering upgrading your home theater system, now is the best time to do so. When you are ready, memorize the above to-do list by visualizing the to-do items interacting with the different locations in your room: Mentally walk through your journey a couple of times to make sure it is firmly committed to memory. Now follow the circumference of the room and identify 10 distinct items which can serve as locations. Imagine you are entering the room and then turning right. Take the room you are currently in, or a different room you are familiar with. I suggest you now create your own journey and memorize the above to-do list: I move on the next location, the bamboo shelf. What happened to it? Right, it is flat and a steam locomotive is standing on top of it. To recall the items, I just mentally enter the room again, turn right, and walk along the circumference: The first location was the armchair. He is making a lot of noise and dents in the locker. I visualize Paul banging the locker with a massive grey phone handset. The third location is my bedside locker and the corresponding task is calling my friend Paul. I imagine huge red ATM cards (looking like my bank’s card) sticking out form the top board of the shelf. My second location is the brown bamboo shelf, and my second task is to check my bank account. Backup my computer on the external hard disk.įor the first item on my to-do list, I picture a steam locomotive rolling over the armchair.Now I can use my room to memorize my tasks for the day: I use distinct locations (so only one bed not two) along my journey.I mentally walk through my journey a couple of times to make sure I always use the same locations in the same order.This gives me 10 locations in my room I can use as hooks to file 10 items. Following around the circumference of my bedroom, I get 10 locations: Third is a bedside locker, followed by my bed. Second is a brown bamboo shelf – my second location. The first object I pass by is an armchair, so I choose this as starting point. To create our first journey, let me introduce the room I am currently in: I imagine myself entering through the door and then turning right, walking around the circumference of the room until I arrive back at the door. Also, like with any journey, you need to define a fixed starting point. The order is provided by defining a precise journey with distinct locations along a route you are familiar with. You accomplish this by creating an image or scene in mind, in which the location and the to-be memorized item interact. Each location serves as a hook, to which you visually connect whatever you want to remember. The method of loci is essentially a visual filing system, allowing you to memorize and recall a virtually unlimited number of items in a fixed order. While giving their speech, they just mentally walked along the same journey through their memory palace, and in each location retrieved the item representing the next key point they wanted to talk about. To remember a key point, they represented it by a concrete item, and visualized that item somehow interacting with a particular location. How did they do it? The Romans mentally placed the key points of their speech in locations along a familiar route through their city or palace. Just imagine yourself, facing an audience and giving a 30 minutes talk to the point, completely without using notes. Giving a speech or a sales presentation from memory conveys competence and authority. In fact, even today most people are impressed by a speaker who talks freely, without referring to her/his notes. If you wanted to be a successful orator, you had to give it from memory. Also, reading speeches to an audience was frowned upon. Unlike today, where paper is cheap, and PowerPoint all over the place, during the times of the Greeks and Romans it wasn’t all that easy to just jot down a 30-page manuscript. The method of loci was invented more than 2000 years ago, and widely used by the Greeks and later the Romans to memorize and give speeches that could last for hours. The good news: It is really easy to learn. People who have never used it just cannot believe how someone can have such a fantastic memory. It is used by memory performers on stage to memorize 100-digit numbers and the order of several complete decks of cards, students to pass exams, sales people to give a presentation from memory, and by me to memorize the key information of a book, to name just a few. The method of loci, also known as the memory palace technique or the journey method, is probably the most versatile mnemonic filing system ever devised. By Photoglob AG, Switzerland, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons Combined, the two Venom movies have grossed $1.36 billion worldwide. with a domestic gross of over $200 million and a worldwide gross of over $500 million. TomHardy Marvel WolverineThis is my Tom Hardy as Marvel's Wolverine using 'Deepfake' technology to show Ewan McGregor replaced by his. Following its theatrical release on October 1, 2021, the sequel broke pandemic box office records by becoming 2021’s second highest-grossing film in the U.S. 1 day ago &0183 &32 JThe next installment in the Venom film franchise, following the events of Venom and Venom: Let There Be Carnage, is finally in production. It featured Eddie and Venom going up against a maniacal serial killer Cletus Kasady/Carnage (Woody Harrelson) and Frances Barrison/Shriek (Naomie Harris). 6 hours ago &0183 &32 When Tom Hardy giva a fresh spin to Marvels Venom. The previous film, Venom: Let There Be Carnage, was directed by Andy Serkis. Alongside Hardy, the Sony sequel will also star Juno Temple and Chiwetel Ejiofor, with further cast members yet to be announced. Hardy opened up about a potential Venom 3, admitting that he's 'thinking' about it, but he also made it clear that 'it won't be greenlit until the second is successful. It will once again star Tom Hardy and is produced by Avi Arad, Matt Tolmach, Amy Pascal, and Hutch Parker. Tom Hardy sat down with Esquire to talk about his return to the Sony Pictures Universe of Marvel Characters in Venom: Let There Be Carnage. Marcel previously wrote both 2018’s Venom and its sequel, along with Fifty Shades of Grey and Saving Mr. Hardy will be back in the role of Eddie Brock and joining him are Juno Temple and Chiwetel Ejiofor are also set to star in the film. The image features Hardy menacingly mimicking the growing face of the wolf image that he’s facing. It stars Tom Hardy as Eddie Brock and Venom alongside Michelle Williams, Riz Ahmed, Scott Haze, and Reid Scott. Tom Hollands Spider-Man could meet Miles Morales in a future Marvel Cinematic. Tom Hardy has shared an image from the set of Sony’s upcoming Marvel movie Venom 3. Venom 3 will be directed by Kelly Marcel, who is also writing the film. In Conclusion Tom Hardy's take on Venom is a testament to the actor's versatility and dedication to bringing a fresh perspective to well-known characters. 2 days ago &0183 &32 A Venom 3 set photo from the Spider-Man spin-off sequel has been posted online by series lead actor Tom Hardy. After studying acting at the Drama Centre London, he made his film debut in Ridley Scott 's Black Hawk Down (2001). So does this mean Venom’s now the newest member of the MCU? If so, the weird situation in the hotel room might hint at Eddie/Venom getting caught up in the dramas of the multiverse, a sandbox of alternate realities that Disney’s Marvel movies and TV shows are currently exploring.Tom Hardy shares the first set image from ‘ #VENOM 3’. Marvel has been waffling on Venom's alignment for years, but the cinematic success of Tom Hardy's Venom franchise looks to have forced their hand. Edward Thomas Hardy CBE (born 15 September 1977) is an English actor, producer and screenwriter. Ranked: Every Marvel superhero movie (including new martial-arts epic 'Shang-Chi') Venom’s long tongue is seen licking Peter’s image, and he cryptically says, “That guy.” Simmons) publicly outs teenage Peter Parker ( Tom Holland) as Spider-Man. A breaking-news alert comes on the TV that Marvel Cinematic Universe fans have seen before: It’s pretty much the end-credits scene from 2019's “ Spider-Man: Far From Home,” where J. Eddie accepts the offer, lights flash and there’s a disruption on the TV: All of a sudden, Eddie’s in a totally different, more posh hotel room with a duck towel on the bed. Tom Hardy - 4/1 Henry Cavill - 5/1 Idris Elba - 6/1 Regé-Jean Page - 8/1 Jamie Bell - 10/1 James Norton - 11/1 Tom Hopper - 12/1 Sam Heughan - 16/1 Cillian Murphy - 22/1 Lashana Lynch /. VENOM - Official Trailer 2 (HD) Sony Pictures Entertainment 6.63M subscribers Subscribe 841K Share 73M views 4 years ago Venom The world has enough superheroes. In an end-credits scene, Eddie’s seen hanging out in a hotel room that looks like it’s in the New Orleans French Quarter, and Venom asks Eddie if he wants to get a glimpse of the alien’s mind-blowing cosmic knowledge. The technique as originally invented is still used in electron microscopy, where it is known as electron holography, but optical holography did not really advance until the development of the laser in 1960. This discovery was an unexpected result of research into improving electron microscopes at the British Thomson-Houston Company (BTH) in Rugby, England, and the company filed a patent in December 1947 (patent GB685286). His work, done in the late 1940s, was built on pioneering work in the field of X-ray microscopy by other scientists including Mieczysław Wolfke in 1920 and William Lawrence Bragg in 1939. The Hungarian- British physicist Dennis Gabor (in Hungarian: Gábor Dénes) was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1971 "for his invention and development of the holographic method". The resulting digital image is then printed onto a suitable mask or film and illuminated by a suitable source to reconstruct the wavefront of interest. Holograms can also be computer-generated by modelling the two wavefronts and adding them together digitally. When only the second wavefront illuminates the interference pattern, it is diffracted to recreate the original wavefront. In principle, it is possible to make a hologram for any type of wave.Ī hologram is made by superimposing a second wavefront (normally called the reference beam) on the wavefront of interest, thereby generating an interference pattern which is recorded on a physical medium. Holography is best known as a method of generating real three-dimensional images, but it also has a wide range of other applications. Holography is a technique that enables a wavefront to be recorded and later re-constructed. Two photographs of a single hologram taken from different viewpoints For other uses, see Hologram (disambiguation). The M18 FUEL™ 21" Self-Propelled Dual Battery Mower is part of the M18™ System, fully compatible with over 200 solutions. The M18 FUEL™ Mower features a steel deck, 3-in-1 grass management, single point height adjustment, high lift mode, front & side LED lights, vertical storage, and two deck handles. The Variable Speed Self-Propelled Mower offers speeds between 0 - 4 MPH, and the Active Speed Management Paddles allow you to easily adjust your walking pace while in operation to increase control. Get your Milwaukee 18v M18 XC Lithium-ion battery pack rebuild / re-cell with higher quality cells, longer run-time and for less money than a new battery pack. When paired with the included 2 M18™ REDLITHIUM™ HIGH OUTPUT™ HD12.0 batteries, the self-propelled electric lawn mower delivers up to 60 minutes of runtime, allowing up to 1/2 acre of cutting when removing 1" of grass at a 3 MPH self-propelled pace. The electric mower requires 2 M18™ REDLITHIUM™ Batteries for operation. The advanced electronic package also delivers an instant throttle response on both the blade and drive motors to reach full throttle in under 1 second, which increases your control and productivity. The REDLINK PLUS™ Intelligence has total system communication between the tool and battery for unmatched levels of performance, protection, and productivity. The POWERSTATE™ Brushless Motor delivers more max torque than 200cc gas to take on the most demanding mowing applications. The optimized steel deck design paired with higher blade speed allows our cordless electric lawn mower to achieve superior airflow and increased lift to deliver the best cut quality in mulching, bagging, and side discharge applications. Our M18 FUEL™ 21" Self-Propelled Dual Battery Mower Kit meets the performance, durability, and ergonomic needs of landscape maintenance professionals. View All - Personal Protective Equipment.SHOCKWAVE™ Lineman's Sockets & Adapters. View All - Concrete Drilling and Chiselling.View All - Vacuums & Vacuum Accessories. LazyOne at 11:20 This link helped me get Xdebug working with my Xampp setup. I installed the "PHP Debug" extension in VS Code. 1 1) Check /help/phpstorm/ 2) If Xdebug is installed, provide Xdebug section of phpinfo () output + enable and collect Xdebug log for such unsuccessful debug session. I have the trial version of PHPStorm located on my Mac machine where I would like to debug my php code. Xdebug may already be installed and running. As long as you can SSH into the server and install Xdebug then you can try this out and speed up your debugging. I entered localhost:9000 in the address bar of Chrome and the results page shows that localhost rejected my connection request. PHPStorm, XDebug, XAMPP, Drupal Remote Follow Richard Petrov Created J08:56 Okay so I have XAMPP setup on my windows PC with Drupal installed using bitnami. You can use a shared host with SSH access, an AWS EC2 instance, or XAMP/WAMP/MAMP if you like. Next, I copied a piece of code into php.ini from an article on the Internet: zend_extension = "C:\xampp\php\ext\php_xdebug-2.7.2-7.3-vc15-x86_64.dll"īut I couldn't figure out why the port was 9000 and the port didn't work at all. Whatever, I still called the Xdebug file into the path without its name changed ( php_xdebug-2.7.2-7.3-vc15-x86_64.dll). My environment is: Windows 10, XAMPP, PHPStorm 2016.2.1 I am trying to debug a PHP application, which consists of one simple script. When I copied this file to C:\xampp\php\ext, I found there is a file named php_xdebug.dll. Here is a screenshot:Īnd I went to download this version of Xdebug: First, I turned on XAMPP and started the following services:īy the way, the PHP Version is 7.3.3. As instructed by the Xdebug installation wizard I added this line to my php.ini file: zendextension extphpxdebug-3.0. Then php -versionshows: PHP Warning: Failed loading Zend extension extphpxdebug-3.0. Submarine cable map 2017 Sat, 02:00:00 GMT submarine cable map 2017 pdf – A submarine communications cable is a cable laid on the sea bed …ĪARNET ANNUAL REPORT 2017 3 ABOUT US Who we are and what we do National and international network maps Chairman’s message CEO’s message Highlights (by numbers) Every year, the company notes growth in submarine cables demand worldwide to be consistent with around 60,000 to 70,000 kilometers of cables being laid. On November 9, 2017, NEC’s President and CEO (Representative Director), NEC Corporation, Submarine Cables and Natural Disaster IoT Solutions NEC claims to be an active provider of one-third of the world’s submarine cables yearly. Without that contribution, this novel project would not have happened. With so many aspects of our societies and economies relying on the internet - and the undersea cables that power it - we can and should demand that the public has a say in the regulation of this critical infrastructure.4 The authors are indebted to Stefan Hain for his encour – agement, expertise and general advice. When the same companies own the online platforms and the infrastructure to access them, we have to consider whether the incentives and agreements for sharing access to cables thus far will still make sense. At a time when there is already significant concern about the consolidation of power by the biggest technology companies in multiple realms, and telcos are merging with traditional media companies, it raises questions about who (literally) controls the internet, and how we wish to see it develop in the future. It’s a new development for online platforms to also be the owners (or co-owners) of the delivery infrastructure. To connect those data centers, they not only invest in existing cables, but also increasingly build their own cables to ensure that their services are quickly and readily available anywhere in the world. So companies like Facebook and Google began to build global networks of data centers. It’s in the ocean’, New York Times, 2019įor videos to play and links to open milliseconds after a click, with minimal latency, content needs to be cached as close as possible to users. ‘People think that data is in the cloud, but it’s not. Internet Drift: How the Internet is Likely to Splinter and Fracture, Steve Song, 2018 Internet Economics is a Thing and we Need to Take Note, Geoff Huston, 2018 The Submarine Cable Map, TeleGeography, 2019 The rapid uptake of cloud computing, connected devices, streaming and countless other services many of us now take for granted - combined with users’ expectation that it all works quickly and smoothly - put major pressure on service providers. Still, the rapid expansion of the submarine cable network in the last decade was largely fueled by the meteoric increase in demand for internet services. In this context, physical ownership of undersea infrastructure to mitigate the risk of surveillance is emerging as an investment motivation. Given that 95 percent of the internet’s data and voice traffic travels between continents underwater, the corporate and political powers that influence and control the infrastructure can have significant global social and security implications. The Snowden revelations in 2014 exposed the extent of government surveillance of internet infrastructure, including fibre optic cables. Currently, Google alone owns six active submarine cables, and plans to have eight more ready within two years.Īn equally significant driver of investment in undersea cables today are concerns regarding cybersecurity. In fact, Google, Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft owned or leased more than half of the undersea bandwidth in 2018. Because they now make up the greater part of undersea cable traffic, internet companies are beginning to finance and construct their own undersea cables. Today, the investment landscape in undersea cables is shifting yet again. In the 1990s, undersea cables began to attract investment from private companies, who saw the potential to make a profit by selling capacity to telecom companies and private companies alike. Historically, these submarine cables have been built by telecom carriers, who form consortia to finance the construction of a cable. This network of submarine cables transports petabytes of information around the world on a daily basis, in a manner that is invisible to most users - a huge technical feat. This global submarine cable network is growing, bringing the opportunity of high speed internet to more people, including in remote island nations. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |